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World and Press April 2 2022

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Original Pressetexte aus britischen und US-amerikanischen Medien Sprachtraining, Landeskunde, Vokabelhilfen und Übungsmaterial für Fortgeschrittene Sprachniveau B2 - C2

12 Young People

12 Young People April 2 2022 | World and Press Zara Rutherford becomes the youngest woman to fly solo around the world YOUNG PEOPLE The 19-year-old British-Belgian aviator completed a more than 32,000-mile journey spanning five continents. By Claire Parker 1 TEENAGE PILOTZara Rutherford became the youngest woman to fly around the world solo when she touched down in western Belgium on Thursday, completing a more than 32,000- mile journey spanning five continents. The 19-year-old British- Belgian aviator used her gap year after high school to break two Guinness World records, becoming the first woman to circumnavigate the globe in a microlight aircraft and the youngest woman to make such a journey. American pilot Shaesta Waiz, the previous record holder, was 30 when she flew around the world in 2017. 2 The youngest male record holder, Travis Ludlow, completed his solo flight around the world in July at age 18. When Rutherford set out on her flight, she aimed to “reduce this gap from 11 years to 11 months,” she wrote on her website. 3 When she landed her Shark UL plane at Kortrijk-Wevelgem Zara Rutherford smiles after landing at Kortrijk Airport in Belgium, completing her solo flight around the world. | Photo: Picture Alliance/AP Airport in western Belgium after a five-month trip plagued by unexpected obstacles, Rutherford opened the cockpit and stood up to greet a cheering crowd, her arms in the air and a grin on her face. “I made it,” she told reporters. 4 The daughter of two pilots, Rutherford grew up around airplanes and started training for her pilot license in high school. She had “always dreamt” about flying around the world but thought it would be impossible, she told ‘The Washington Post.’ “And then I was finishing school – this was back in July last year – and I thought, actually, this is the perfect time to do something crazy and fly around the world,” she said. 5 With the Guinness World Record requirements, a map, and a pen in hand, she sketched out a route. She funded the entire trip through sponsorships, she said. Web hosting company ICDSoft was the main sponsor. 6 Rutherford set off from Belgium in mid-August, expecting the journey would take three months. But a series of unforeseen setbacks – including visa problems, coronavirus restrictions, and bad weather – complicated the travel. Originally intending to pass through 52 countries, she ultimately flew through 41. Flying during the pandemic meant she had to constantly take PCR tests and follow strict isolation measures in some countries where she stopped to refuel and recharge, Rutherford said. 7 When weather forced her to stop in Indonesia, Rutherford had to sleep in the terminal for two nights since she wasn’t permitted to leave the airport. In California, she had to fly through wildfire smoke. China wouldn’t let her cross its airspace due to coronavirus protocols, forcing her to take a lengthy detour to skirt North Korean airspace. And a flat tire left her stuck in Singapore over Christmas. 8 But it was flying over Russia that drove home the risks of her endeavor. “I would go for hours and hours without seeing anything human-made – no villages, no roads, no electricity cables.” She added: “At the time, it was minus-31 degrees Fahrenheit, I believe, so that meant that if the engine was to stop for any reason, I would have a huge problem, right, because I’m hours away from rescue. There’s nobody near me. And I don’t know how long I can survive in that kind of temperature.” She didn’t have any air support, though a team back home in Belgium tracked her flight progress and sent her updates about weather conditions. … 9 Rutherford plans to begin studying either computer science or electrical engineering at university in the fall, with the hope of one day becoming an astronaut. Having circumnavigated the globe, she said she’s eager to take on an even vaster challenge: Space. © 2022 The Washington Post 0 – 3 AVIATOR “"eIvieIt´‘ Pilot(in) — to span s.th. s. über etw. erstrecken — to touch down landen — gap year Auszeit — to circumnavigate “Æs‰…k´m"nœvIgeIt‘ umrunden — microlight aircraft Ultraleichtflugzeug — to plague “pleIg‘ heimsuchen — obstacle “"Åbst´k´l‘ Hindernis — grin Grinsen 4 – 6 pilot license Pilotenschein — requirement Voraussetzung — to sketch out skizzieren — to fund finanzieren — a series of e-e Reihe an — unforeseen “Æ--"-‘ unvorhergesehen — setback Rückschlag — restriction Beschränkung — ultimately “"øltIm´tli‘ letztlich — measure “"meZ´‘ Maßnahme — to refuel “Æri…"fju…´l‘ (auf)tanken — to recharge aufladen 7 – 9 lengthy lang — detour “"di…tU´‘ Umweg — to skirt s.th. etw. umgehen — to drive s.th. home etw. deutlich machen — endeavour “In"dev´‘ Unterfangen — to track s.th. etw. verfolgen — computer science Informatik — electrical engineering Elektrotechnik Continued from page 1 6 Rising prices and hunger also present a potential new dimension to the world’s view of the war. Could they further fuel anger at Russia and calls for intervention? Or would frustration be targeted at the Western sanctions that are helping to trap food and fertilizer? 7 While virtually every country will face higher prices, some places could struggle to find enough food at all. Armenia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, and Eritrea have imported virtually all of their wheat from Russia and Ukraine and must find new sources. But they are competing against much larger buyers, including Turkey, Egypt, Bangladesh, and Iran, which have obtained more than 60% of their wheat from the two warring countries. 8 Rising food prices have long been a catalyst for social and political upheavals in poor African and Arab countries, and many subsidize staples like bread in efforts to avoid such problems. But their economies and budgets – already strained by the pandemic and high energy costs – are now at risk of buckling under the cost of food, economists said. Tunisia struggled to pay for some food imports before the war and now is trying to prevent an economic collapse. Inflation has already set off protests in Morocco and is helping stir renewed unrest and violent crackdowns in Sudan. 9 “A lot of people think that this is just going to mean that their bagels are going to become more expensive. And that’s absolutely true, but that’s not what this is about,” said Ben Isaacson, a longtime agriculture analyst with Scotiabank. Since the 1970s, North Africa and the Middle East have grappled with repeated uprisings. “What actually led to people going into the streets and protesting?” he said. “It starts from food shortages and from food price inflation.” 10 Countries afflicted by protracted conflict, including Yemen, Syria, South Sudan, and Ethiopia, are already facing severe hunger emergencies that experts fear could quickly worsen. In Afghanistan, aid workers warn that the humanitarian crisis has already been exacerbated by the war in Ukraine, making it more difficult to feed the roughly 23 million Afghans – more than half the population – who do not have enough to eat. 11 For the global food market, there are few worse countries to be in conflict than Russia and Ukraine. Over the past five years, they have together accounted for nearly 30% of the exports of the world’s wheat; 17% of corn; 32% of barley, a crucial source of animal feed; and 75% of sunflower seed oil, an important cooking oil in some parts of the world. 12 Russia has largely been unable to export food because of sanctions that have effectively cut it off financially. Ukraine, meanwhile, has been cut off physically. Russia has blocked the Black Sea for exports, and Ukraine lacks enough rail cars to transport food over land. What is now becoming more worrisome is the next harvest, particularly in Ukraine. On March 11, Ukraine’s agriculture minister begged allies for 1,900 rail cars of fuel, saying that the country’s farms had run out after supplies were diverted to the military. Without that fuel, he said, Ukrainian farmers would be unable to plant or harvest. … © 2022 The New York Times Company This article originally appeared in The New York Times. 6 view Sichtweise — to fuel anger Wut schüren — call for Forderung nach — to be targeted at s.th. “"tA…gItId‘ auf etw. abzielen 7 – 8 virtually “"v‰…tSu´li‘ praktisch — to compete against s.o. mit jdm. konkurrieren — to obtain erhalten — warring “"wO… rIN‘ Krieg führend — catalyst “"kœt´lIst‘ Auslöser — to subsidize “"søbsIdaIz‘ subventionieren — staples Grundnahrungsmittel — to strain strapazieren — to buckle under s.th. unter etw. zus. brechen — to set off (fig) lostreten — to stir unrest “st‰…‘ Unruhen anfachen — violent crackdown gewaltsames Vorgehen 9 – 10 longtime langjährig — agriculture analyst “"œgrIkøltS´‘ Agrarexperte(-in) — to grapple with s.th. mit etw. zu kämpfen haben — uprising Aufstand — afflicted by “´"flIktId‘ betroffen von — protracted “pr´"trœktId‘ langwierig — to worsen “"w‰…s´n‘ s. verschlimmern — to exacerbate “Ig"zœs´beIt‘ verschärfen 11 – 12 to account for s.th. etw. ausmachen — animal feed Nutztierfutter — sunflower seed oil Sonnenblumenöl — cooking oil Speiseöl — Black Sea Schwarzes Meer — rail car Güterwagen — worrisome beunruhigend — allies “"œlaIz‘ Verbündete — to divert “daI"v‰…t‘ zweckentfremden; h.: abgeben

World and Press | April 2 2022 Technology 13 A data scientist operating a MIDI controller pad to make audio adjustments for Action Audio. A tennis fan with limited vision listened to Action Audio while watching the Australian Open men’s quarterfinals. | Photos: Alana Holmberg/The New York Times What does a forehand winner sound like? TECHNOLOGY At the Australian Open, new technology translated the movement of the ball into sounds to help blind and low-vision fans follow the action. By Amanda Morris 0 – 1 FOREHAND Vorhand — winner Punktgewinn — to translate; s.w.u. to convert umwandeln — low-vision sehbehindert (vision Sehvermögen) — echoing “"ek´UIN‘ widerhallend — pop Plopp — high-/low-pitched hoch/tief — clink Klirren — backhand stroke Rückhandschlag 2 – 3 arcade “A…"keId‘ Spielhalle — on a large scale im großen Stil — accessibility “´kÆses´"bIl´ti‘ Barrierefreiheit — avid “"œvId‘ begeistert — layer h.: (fig) Dimension — to track verfolgen — cue “kju…‘ Hinweis 4 serve Aufschlag — 100 mph 160 km/h — na is available on a livestream with this accessibility feature. 3 Marshall, 35, of Melbourne, is an avid tennis fan who listens to the tournament on the radio every year. He said Action Audio had added a layer to his experience, allowing him to more clearly track the ball during a point. “Everything is like, oh, yes, this is the final piece that I’m missing,” Marshall said. He later added, “It gives you those cues that you never really had before.” 4 He and other blind sports fans often listen to radio descriptions of games instead of watching them on TV. But with serves flying at more than 100 mph and groundstrokes routinely exceeding 80 mph, even the most descriptive radio announcer can’t talk fast enough to capture every nuance of the action on a tennis court. Details like how close the ball landed to a line, how fast it traveled, and what direction it moved are not always described, according to Machar Reid, head of innovation at Tennis Australia. “They might do it on one shot, but it’s hard to do on every single shot on the rally,” he said of radio announcers. 5 Tennis Australia partnered with Monash University in Melbourne, Australia, and digital design and communications agency AKQA to develop Action Audio in 2019. Reid said that tennis was the ideal sport to begin with because of its existing balltracking technology. In general, a fully equipped tennis court has ten or 12 cameras collecting data around 50 times a second. That groundstroke Grundschlag — routinely “ru…"ti…nli‘ regelmäßig — to exceed “Ik"si…d‘ überschreiten — descriptive “dI"skrIptIv‘ anschaulich darstellend — to capture “"kœptS´‘ einfangen — nuance “"nju… A…ns‘ — head of innovation Leiter(in) des Bereichs Innovation — rally Ballwechsel 5 – 6 to partner with s.o. s. mit jdm. zus.tun — ball-tracking Ballverfolgung — equipped ausgerüstet — to make a call e-e Entscheidung treffen — out of play außerhalb des Spielfelds — to broadcast übertragen — alongside “-Æ-"-‘ zusammen mit — blip Signalton — sideline Seitenlinie data is typically used to make quick calls about whether a shot landed in or out of play. 6 Action Audio’s technology converts the data into 3D sound – a process that takes less than a second – allowing it to be broadcast alongside live radio commentary. The sounds include one, two, or three blips to indicate how close the ball is to the sideline or baseline. If the ball is close to the line, three blips will go off. If the ball lands farther inside the line, two blips sound. One blip means the ball was hit toward the middle of the court. The sounds come through the left speaker if the ball was played to that side of the court, and through the right speaker if it landed on the right. 7 As the ball moves around, it jingles and rattles. The sound is loudest when the player strikes the ball, and it fades away gradually as the ball travels. Highpitched clinks indicate a forehand, while low-pitched clinks indicate a backhand. 8 In the future, Reid would like to integrate Action Audio into TV broadcasts and develop it for other sports that use optical tracking systems, such as baseball, he said. 9 One challenge in developing sport soundscapes is determining how many actions can be captured and translated to sound before the audio becomes overwhelming or distracting, according to Tim Devine, executive innovation director at AKQA. “Do you want to know where the ball is, or do you want to follow a player?” he asked. 10 To figure it out, AKQA and Tennis Australia reached out to — baseline Grundlinie 7 – 9 to jingle “"dZINg´l‘ klingeln — to rattle rasseln — to fade away schwächer werden — gradually “"grœdZu´li‘ allmählich — soundscape Klanglandschaft — to determine “dI"t‰…mIn‘ feststellen — overwhelming “Æ--"welmIN‘ übermächtig — distracting störend — executive innovation director “Ig"zekj´tIv‘ Innovationschef(in) 10 – 11 to figure out herausfinden — to survey s.o. “s´"veI‘ jdn. befragen — bell ball h.: Blindentennisball — to acknowledge “´k"nÅlIdZ‘ einräumen — to be a work in progress s. noch im Aufbau befinden fans to ask what they found most interesting about tennis and then surveyed blind people to see which sounds worked best. Developers tried to use sounds that were already familiar to users, such as the jingling rattle of the bell ball used in blind tennis, Reid said. … 11 Developers acknowledged Action Audio was a work in progress and said that AKQA and Tennis Australia would work to make the player more accessible. © 2022 The New York Times Company This article originally appeared in The New York Times. 978-3-15-014134-2 Reclams Rote Reihe Niveau B1 Englische Literatur im Original NEU Ungekürzte und unbearbeitete Originaltexte, mit Worterklärungen am Fuß jeder Seite, Nachwort und Literaturhinweisen. 1 RAPID, echoing pops go off in Michael Marshall’s ears when he listens to an Australian Open tennis match, followed closely by high- and low-pitched clinks. Three pops on the left signal that the ball landed close to the line; a low-pitched clink means that the player returned it with a backhand stroke. 2 Without context, these noises might sound like arcade sound effects or some new version of Morse code – but each one is a message meant to help people who are blind or have limited vision follow the game. A new technology, called Action Audio, is being tested on a large scale for the first time at this year’s Australian Open, where every match in the Rod Laver Arewww.reclam.de/lehrerservice Unser Service für Lehrer* Bestellung von Prüfexemplaren mit 30% Rabatt Exklusive Sonderangebote Regelmäßige Informationen über Neuerscheinungen Kostenlose Downloads von Unterrichtshilfen Informationen und Bestellungen über lehrerservice@reclam.de Reclam * Gilt aus preisbindungsrechtlichen Gründen nur für Lehrer*innen an allgemeinbildenden Schulen.

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