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World and Press October 2 2022

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Original Pressetexte aus britischen und US-amerikanischen Medien Sprachtraining, Landeskunde, Vokabelhilfen und Übungsmaterial für Fortgeschrittene Sprachniveau B2 - C2

14 News & Topics

14 News & Topics October 2 2022 | World and Press Keep reading … inky fingers mean clear thinking in old age HEALTH Reading a newspaper, or indeed a magazine or book, improved people’s thinking speed by the equivalent of 13 fewer years of ageing. mit -Vokabeltrainer By Kat Lay 1 READING a newspaper can give you the thinking skills of someone 13 years younger, a study suggests. Research published in the journal ‘Neurology’ set out to establish if physical and mental activities could help people’s “cognitive reserves”. People with greater cognitive reserves to draw on demonstrate better thinking abilities than might be expected based on changes in their brain as it ages, including those brought about by dementia. 2 The team, from the University of California, found taking part in mental activities boosted the thinking speed reserves of both sexes. Participants were asked 0 – 1 INKY …… mit Druckerschwärze — by the equivalent of “I"kwIv´l´nt‘ mit e-r Entsprechung von — neurology “njU´"rÅl´dZi‘ — mental geistig — cognitive “"kÅgn´tIv‘ — to draw on s.th. s. auf etw. stützen — to demonstrate zeigen — dementia “dI"menS´‘ Demenz Die Nr.1 unter den Vokabeltrainern. 2 – 4 to boost steigern — participant “pA…"tIsIp´nt‘ Teilnehmer(in) — treament Behandlung — impairment “Im"pe´m´nt‘ Beeinträchtigung 5 – 6 observational “ÆÅbz´"veIS´n´l‘ empirisch — to take into account berücksichtigen — volunteer “ÆvÅl´n"tI´‘ Ehrenamtliche(r) — to self-report über | Photo: Clay Banks/Unsplash s. selbst Auskunft geben — current “"kør´nt‘ derzeitig — blood pressure “"preS´‘ Blutdruck — cholesterol “k´"lest´rÅl‘ Cholesterin — to recommend “Ærek´"mend‘ empfehlen — balanced ausgewogen whether in the past 13 months they had done three things: read magazines, newspapers, or books; gone to classes; and played cards, games, or bingo. Overall, for each additional category of mental activity, the researchers calculated people’s thinking speed improved by the equivalent of 13 fewer years of ageing. When they divided their results by sex, the improvement was 17 years for men and ten years for women. 3 Dr Judy Pa, author of the study, said that with no treatments for Alzheimer’s, it was exciting that everyday activities appeared to boost cognitive reserves. 4 The study also asked participants about their usual levels of weekly physical activity. Being more active was linked to greater reserves of thinking speed in women, but not men. The study involved 758 people with an average age of 76. Some had no thinking or memory problems, some had mild cognitive impairment, and some had dementia. 5 The study was observational, and so cannot prove cause and effect. The researchers said it was possible that people with greater cognitive reserves were more likely to take part in activities like reading or card games. They were also unable to take into account wider factors that could affect someone’s thinking abilities, such as their level of education. 6 Dr Sara Imarisio, of Alzheimer’s Research UK, said: “This study has limitations, including the fact volunteers self-reported how much physical and cognitive stimulation they had. … The best current evidence suggests that both men and women can support a healthy brain by not smoking, controlling blood pressure and cholesterol, drinking within the recommended guidelines, eating a balanced diet, and keeping socially connected.” © The Times, London/News Licensing This article originally appeared in The Times, London. Get the vocabulary trainer! Eat more avocados, farmers beg Australians as glut smashes profits AUSTRALIA The oversupply is set to worsen because hundreds of new avocado trees planted within the past decade are coming into production. mit -Vokabeltrainer By Bernard Lagan 1 A GLUTof avocados has caused prices to plummet and growers to beg Australians to eat more of them. Supply is far outstripping demand, leaving many growers struggling to make a profit. They are getting just one dollar (57p) per fruit. Avocados Australia chief executive John Tyas said the industry was desperate to increase domestic and international consumption of the fruit. “Australians are some of the highest consumers of avocados in the world already, but we need to ramp that up further,” he said. 2 Only five years ago, the high Die Nr.1 unter den Vokabeltrainern. Avocado toast. | Photo: Karolin Baitinger/Unsplash price and popularity of the fruit among young Australians was identified by Bernard Salt, a demographer and writer, as one of the reasons indulgent millennials could not afford homes. Then, it wasn’t uncommon to pay (£14.37) for smashed avocado on toast in Sydney. On Thursday, a Brisbane cafe’s version of avocado and toast was named Australia’s best and the price was down by almost a third. 3 The oversupply is set to worsen because hundreds of new avocado trees planted within the past decade are coming into production, adding to the surplus of fruit. A new report released on Wednesday by the agribusiness bank Rabobank said Australian growers would this year produce 22 avocados per Australian, up 26 per cent on last year’s figures. www.phase6.de/wp/2022 Die Nr.1 unter den Vokabeltrainern. 4 Avocado production has boomed in Australia in recent years with enormous growth between 2017 and 2019, the report said. “Each year, during that period, over 1,000 hectares of avocado trees were planted, and [those] trees are still to mature and still to produce avocados,” it said. Avocado retail prices dropped to a record low of per fruit in June last year and again early this month. 5 Increasing demand from Asia for Australia’s avocados might yet save growers from catastrophe. The Rabobank report said exports of avocados had increased by 350 per cent in the past year to key markets including Singapore, Hong Kong, and Malaysia. … © The Times, London/News Licensing This article originally appeared in The Times, London. 0 GLUT; s.w.u. oversupply “Æ--s´"plaI‘; s.w.u. surplus “"s‰… pl´s‘ Überangebot — to smash vernichten; s.w.u. zerdrücken — to go into production Früchte produzieren 1 – 2 to plummet “"plømIt‘ abstürzen — grower Bauer/Bäuerin — to outstrip übertreffen — demand Nachfrage — chief executive “ÆtSi…f Ig"zekj´tIv‘ Geschäftsführer(in) — consumption Verzehr — to ramp up steigern — demographer “dI"mÅgr´f´‘ Bevölkerungswissenschaftler(in) — indulgent “In"døldZ´nt‘ maßlos — Brisbane “"brIzb´n‘ 3 – 5 to worsen s. verschärfen — to release veröffentlichen — agribusiness bank Finanzdienstleister der Agrarindustrie — enormous “I"nO…m´s‘ — to mature “m´"tjU´‘ erwachsen werden; Geschlechtsreife erlangen — catastrophe “k´"tœstr´fi‘

World and Press | October 2 2022 Literature 15 By Hamilton Cain 1 SIX YEARS AGO,Ed Yong stunned and delighted readers and critics with his dazzling début, ‘I Contain Multitudes,’ revealing, in granular detail, the invisible, indispensable world of the microbiome. My review for the ‘Star Tribune’ proclaimed that he “belongs to the highest tier of science journalists at work today.” Those words proved prophetic (if I may pat myself on the back): ‘I Contain Multitudes’ vaulted onto the ‘New York Times’ bestseller list, and in the intervening years, Yong’s coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic for the ‘Atlantic’ won a Pulitzer Prize and was named a finalist for a National Magazine Award. book world ‘An Immense World’ by Ed Yong 2 Now he’s done it again, and then some. His sumptuous new work, ‘An Immense World,’ is a sweeping survey of animal senses, how and why they mold us even as they remain elusive. One doesn’t pick up this book so much as fall into it. 3 Yong structures ‘An Immense World’ around the German noun Umwelt, “the part of those surroundings that an animal can sense and experience – its perceptual world.” Umwelt unfolds, meme-like, throughout the narrative, as Yong touches on the familiar – sight, sound, pain, and so on – and expands into non-human realms, such as echolocation and magnetoreception, “the only sense without a known sensor” and a holy grail for sensory biologists. 4 He leans into the mysteries but follows a clear through line, amplifying the science. “A bat must constantly adjust its sonar” when it stalks prey. “To even find a moth in the first place, it must scour wide expanses of open air,” he writes. “During this search phase, it makes calls that carry as far as possible – loud, long, infrequent pulses whose energy is concentrated within a narrow frequency band. ... The entire hunting sequence, from initial search to terminal buzz, might occur over a matter of seconds.” 5 From bat sonar to dog noses to piscine electric fields, Yong’s reporting is layered, seasoned with vivid scenes from laboratories and in the field, interviews with researchers across a spectrum of disciplines. Animal geeks will dine out on the rich anecdotes, the historical detours, and pithy footnotes, all propelling his momentum. His prose is witty, capacious, and erudite; he notes wryly that male mice “produce a pheromone in their urine that makes females especially attracted ... this substance is called darcin,” after the male hero of ‘Pride and Prejudice.’ 6 Nature, then, is a costume drama, a multiverse, a profusion of wormholes: What goes into an ear may come out transformed. Yong moves beyond the known unknowns – just how does a mantis shrimp, with its complex eyes, see? Can mosquitoes taste body heat? – and toward unknown unknowns. Have we brushed against all the sense scapes or do more exist? 7 In its final act, ‘An Immense World’ swells into philosophy and politics, underscoring the urgency of climate change. Yong’s book melds epic journeys with intimate reckonings, one of this year’s finest journalistic achievements. © 2022 Star Tribune. Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC. ‘An Immense World: How Animal Senses Reveal the Hidden Realms Around Us’ by Ed Yong, 464 pages, is published by Bodley Head, ISBN 978-1847926081. 0 – 1 AN IMMENSE WORLDdt. Titel: Die erstaunlichen Sinne der Tiere — to stun verblüffen — to delight begeistern — dazzling überwältigend — I Contain Multitudes “"møltItSu…dz‘ dt. Titel: Winzige Gefährten — in granular detail “"grœnj´l´‘ bis ins kleinste Detail — indispensable “ÆIndI"spens´b´l‘ unentbehrlich — microbiome “ÆmaIkr´U"baI´Um‘ Mikrobiom — to proclaim verkünden — highest tier “tI´‘ (fig) Crème de la Crème — to vault “vÅlt‘ s. katapultieren — in the intervening years in der Zwischenzeit — coverage “"køv´rIdZ‘ Berichterstattung 2 – 3 and then some (coll) und noch viel mehr — sumptuous “"sømptSu´s‘ opulent — sweeping umfassend — to mold s.o. jdn. prägen — elusive “i"lu…sIv‘ schwer fassbar — perceptual “p´"septSu´l‘ Wahrnehmungs- — narrative “"nœr´tIv‘ Erzählung — to expand ausdehnen — realm “relm‘ Bereich — echolocation “Æek´Ul´U"keIS´n‘ Echoorientierung — magnetoreception “mœgÆni…t´UrI"sepS´n‘ Magnetorezeption — holy grail der Heilige Gral — sensory biologist “"sens´ri‘ Wissenschaftler(in) der sensorischen Biologie 4 to lean into h.: kurz ansprechen — clear through line (fig) roter Faden — to amplify “"œmplIfaI‘ verstärken — to stalk prey Beute jagen — moth Motte — to scour “"skaU´‘ absuchen — wide expanse “Ik"spœns‘ weite Flächen — infrequent “In"fri… kw´nt‘ sporadisch — frequency band Frequenzband — terminal buzz h.: Schall am Ende 5 piscine “"pIsaIn‘ Fisch- — layered vielschichtig — seasoned with gewürzt mit — vivid lebendig; anschaulich — in the field vor Ort — to dine out on s.th. (coll) von etw. begeistert sein — detour “"di…tO…‘ (fig) Ausflug — pithy “"pITi‘ prägnant — to propel “-"-‘ vorwärtstreiben — momentum Dynamik — witty geistreich — capacious “k´"peIS´s‘ umfassend — erudite “"erUdaIt‘ gebildet; gelehrt — wryly “"raIli‘ mit trockenem Humor — Pride and Prejudice dt. Titel: Stolz und Vorurteil 6 – 7 costume drama “"kÅstSu…m‘ Kostümfilm — multiverse Multiversum — a profusion of “pr´"fju…Z´n‘ e-e Fülle an — wormhole Wurmloch — to transform umwandeln — mantis shrimp Fangschreckenkrebs — to brush against s.th. etw. streifen — to swell into s.th. h.: in etw. übergehen — urgency “"‰…dZ´nsi‘ Dringlichkeit — to meld kombinieren — reckoning Abrechnung; Auseinandersetzung crossword puzzle | By Katrin Günther All the words are in the articles on pages 14 and 15. Solution on page 16. 1 Across Down 2 3 4 2 To improve or increase s.th. (Reading) 5 To publish (Avocados) 6 To become worse (Avocados) 1 The act of using, eating, or drinking s.th. (Avocados) 3 A glut (Avocados) 4 To show (Reading) 5 7 8 9 6 9 To change completely (Book world) 10 A person who takes part in s.th. (Reading) 14 The force that keeps an object moving (Book world) 7 To please greatly (Book world) 8 Of the present time (Reading) 11 To drop sharply and abruptly (Avocados) 10 11 13 12 17 Deterioration in the functioning of a body part, organ, or system (Reading) 18 To exceed (Avocados) 19 Learned; knowledgeable (Book world) 20 Difficult to describe, find, achieve, or remember (Book world) 12 Varied; healthy (Reading) 13 Opulent (Book world) 15 Using words in a clever and funny way (Book world) 16 To destroy (Avocados) 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

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